81 Science VI Class converted into yarn. It may have existed in Egypt as early as 12,000 B.C. Detailed definitions and manufacturing principles for different types of yarns are provided. This brings the fibres together to form a yam. (a) Use of charkha was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as a part of the Independence movement (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in Kerala and Punjab (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns (d) Sufi Saint Kabir was a weaver Solution: (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam. Fragments of cotton fabrics have been found by a… 1. The fibres best suited for textile weaving typically measure between 1 to 1 3/4 inches long; the first destination for these fibres is the carding machine. How is it done? Cotton has also been cultivated and used to make fabrics for at least 7,000 years. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. There are two types of wool yarn that make different fabrics: woolen and worsted. We use these yarns to make fabrics. Natural fibers—cotton, flax, silk, and wool—represent the major fibers available to ancient civilizations. ACTIVITY 10.1 Fabric are made from yarn by two main processes : 1 Weaving 2 Knitting. For full treatment, see textile: Production of yarn. The fibres are then further separated in a blending machine; this separates different grades of cotton to be blended, processes and spun into yarn. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. These fibres are spun into continuous strands called as yarns, by imparting twist. There are two forms of yarn: one with a low amount of fibers and one with a high amount of fibers. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. 37. 3. ↓ The yarns are then used to make fabrics by weaving and knitting. 2. The process of twisting the fibres together into yarn is called spinning and it was one of the first processed to be industrialised. In weaving 2 sets of yarns are interlaced to from the fabric. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. Important Questions on Fibre to Fabrics. Spinning is the process of converting fibres into yarn by twisting the fibre using various machines. The former, with a number of filaments of around 275, can be converted into a … The yarn is then woven on a loom to create wool fabric. A fibre is a fine hair like strand and is the basic unit of textiles from which we make yarns and then the fabric. A brief treatment of yarn follows. 35. Yarns are woven together to make a fabric. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. Passage - 2 The process of making yam from fibres is called spinning. 3.1. fibres. There are three basic steps required for fabric production. This brings the tiny fibres together to form a long and twisted thread called ‘yarn’. Hold some cotton wool in one hand. At spinning mills, cotton fibres are first converted into different types of yarns At fabric mills, yarns are woven or knitted into fabrics At manufacturing factories, fabrics are cut and sewn into … Flax and jute have fibres on its fruits. These fibres are converted into yarns to make … Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. technologies, to form and bond polymers, fibres, filaments, yarns or combination sheets into a flexible, porous structure. Textile - Textile - Conversion to yarn: Because filaments, such as silk and the synthetic fibres, have extreme length, they can be made into yarn without the spinning operation necessary for the shorter staple fibres. Solution: (b): In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam and Andhra Pradesh. The 2 main processes are weaving and knitting. The yarn for the production of woolen loden fabrics is characterized by its bulky and soft appearance. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Filaments may be loosely twisted together to form yarns of a specified thickness. Weaving / Knitting / making of non wovens Then the yarn is made into fabric. Weft is … Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? In the case of synthetic continuous-filament yarns, manufacturing methods including melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning and gel spinning techniques are explained and different forms of continuous-filament yarns are dealt with, such as flat yarns, textured yarns, bi-component yarns and split tape or film yarns. • Making yarn from fibre is called spinning. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. The cotton fibres are then converted into rope-like loose strands. are drawn out and twisted. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. 36. Hi, I am going to write the primary properties essential for a fibre to be spun in to a yarn. 3.1. • Handlooms or power looms are used in weaving fabrics. Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. (ii) Fabric is made from yarn by the process of weaving or knitting. (c) Spinning (iii) Yarns are made from these thin strands (d) Ginning (iv) These are spun from fibres and then used to make fabrics (e) Fibre (v) Process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric (f) Yarn (vi) Process of making yarn from fibres 23. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. In this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. In case of staple-fibre yarns, manufacturing technologies including ring, rotor, air-jet spinning and Vortex spinning are explained together with the type of yarn structures obtained from the respective technologies and their end-uses. Answer: The devices on which weaving of fabrics takes place are called looms. 3.1. The fibres of cotton and wool have many folds and uneven surfaces. Fibres are made from the yarns. There are varieties of textile fibres derived from various natural and man-made sources. Yarns are the continuous, strands produced from a short and staple fibres. This process is also called warping. 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The fabrics are made from fibres in the following two steps : (i) Fibres are first converted to yarn by the process of spinning. Pinch some cotton between the thumb an d forefinger of the other hand. Bobbin is the wooden or plastic reels on which yarn is wound. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. The strands are twisted to make yarns. The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. How is it done? (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils (iv) Animal skins and furs (a) (i) … By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Processing of a Fibre into Fabric. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. FIBRES Fibres … ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. The chapter describes different types of yarns in terms of their structures, properties and applications. Improve your learning 1. Raw jute fibres are red in colour. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. Spun yarns can contain a single type of fibre, or you can spin various types of fibre together to give you a blend. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN You can try making cotton yar n yourself. 38. 1. Figure 5 shows the bonding of nonoven fabric. Spinning can be done both by hands and by machines. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. Opening is the process of reducing compressed cotton fibres from a bale into smaller-fibre tufts. Yarns … Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. Fabric is … Your email address will not be published. One such example is given. The process of making fabric or cloth by arranging yarns at right angles to them, is called weaving.The process of making a fabric by interlocking loops of single yarn with knitting needles or machines, is called knitting. Similarly , there are many other fibres available to us, which can be used to make cloth and we will learn about these in the next section. In spinning, fibre from a mass of cotton or wool are drawn out and twisted. Activity 4 Hold some cotton wool in one hand. Question: What are looms? ( most properties in synthetic fibres can be controlled to process them into different types of yarns. A bundle of endless stainless steel fibers can be converted to yarns by textile spinning processes. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. Question 3. The jute plant is normally harvested at flowering stage. Activity 4. • A yarns is a continuous strand made up of a number of fibres which are twisted together 19. • Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of a jute plant. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. They are made from both natural and synthetic fibres. Yarns are made from both natural and synthetic fibre, in filament or staple form.Filament is fibre of great length, including the natural fibre silk and the synthetic fibres. We use these yarns to make fabrics. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN. One such example is given. Cotton fibres are converted into several intermediary products before a cotton-containing end-product is produced. Log in, Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions 2018. Making of Fabric, Fibre to Fabric, Class 6. All these fibres are first converted into yarns to make fabrics. 5. These materials vary in their sizes and texture and form a suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabrics. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving. Answer 2 (b) Question 3. These fibres are converted into yarns to make fabrics (Fig). When grouped together in a loose, continuous rope without twist, synthetic filaments are called tow. 39. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. In fact, some nonwoven products are subjected to both textile and p aper industry . 4. That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. • Opening: This is the basic operation in the spinning of yarn from raw fibres. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84569-931-4.00008-8. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. Yarns are usually converted into fabrics, either by weaving or knitting. The longer fibres are made into wool for sweaters and the shorter fibres are spun and woven into woollen cloth. Appropriate yarn structures and manufacturing technologies are selected for required applications and properties. To be made into fabric, wool undergoes several processes. 2. Here, the raw materials that have been harvested and processed are transformed from raw fibers into yarn and threads. The conventional systems for processing staple fibre into spun yarns are those developed for cotton and wool: opening, carding, drawing, combing, roving and spinning. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Spinning is done in the same way as the wicks are made from cotton wool at homes. In the process of spinning, fibres from a mass of cotton (or wool, silk, etc.) To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils 6. Question 2: Which statement out of the following is incorrect? To make fabric, we have to first convert the cotton fibres into yarns by which of the following process? (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. This process is known as the spinning of cotton yarns. Particular emphasis is given to various types of fancy yarns, which are described with suitable diagrams and detailed explanations of their manufacturing methods. If weaving is used to make the fabric, the warp yarns are assembled onto a beam. This is done by spinning the fibers. Fibres are first converted into yarn by the process of spinning. After many different colours of finest Australian Merino wool fibres have been blended and carded, ring spinning frames twist them into woolen yarns and into the desired fineness. • Cotton fibres are made from cotton ball. Fiber is the smallest unit of a fabric. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? The earliest known samples of yarn and fabric of any kind were found near Robenhausen, Switzerland, where bundles of flax fibers and yarns and fragments of plain-weave linen fabric, were estimated to be about 7,000 years old. Pinch some cotton between the thumb and forefinger of the other hand. 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