Samples of a base metal alloy were cast and welded together using a conventional welding procedure. The in vitro abrasive wear resistance, tensile strength, and hardness of seven widely used composite restorative resins have been measured. Human coronal mineralized dentin gave a mean ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 104 MPa. It is apparent that abrasive wear is a comple … In this study, the Izod impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural mechanical properties were evaluated. Synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since they were insoluble, aesthetic, insensitive to dehydration, easy to manipulate and reasonably inexpensive. Bovine incisor coronal dentin exhibited a UTS of 91 MPa, and bovine root dentin failed at 129 MPa. Aims: Suture materials are used routinely in periodontal and oral surgical procedures. The correlation between tensile strength and microleakage level in each group showed that there was a significant negative correlation only in Group3. Dental composite resins are types of synthetic resins which are used in dentistry as restorative material or adhesives. However, a paired t test (P = 0.005) determined that there was a significant difference between the two lots with respect to the ultimate tensile strength of the screws preloaded to 10 N/cm. I have read and accept the terms and conditions, View permissions information for this article. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, International & American Associations for Dental Research, The Tensile and Shear Strength of a Base Metal Weld Joint Used in Dentistry, https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345810600021101, Failure mechanisms in cobalt welded with a silver–copper filler, Braze welding of cobalt with a silver–copper filler. Rangoonwala Dental College and Research Centre, Camp, Pune To assess interfacial fracture toughness of different adhesive approaches and compare to a standard micro-tensile bond-strength (μTBS) test. Central *Corresponding author. Small slabs (4 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm) of bovine and human dentin were tested in a microtensile testing device in vitro. Findings indicate that the values of tensile strength and hardness are not related to the measured abrasion rates. Objective: This study evaluated the effect that different techniques for removing dental caries had on the strength of the microtensile bond to caries-affected human dentine created by three bonding agents. demonstrating an increase in tensile strength and elasticity and with the ability to reduce degradation [19]. When Composite resins are also used for reshaping teeth, partial crowns, and to adhere retainers. For more information view the SAGE Journals Article Sharing page. Summer 2013; Vol. Human coronal mineralized dentin gave a mean ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 104 MPa. Purpose of the study: To determine the tensile bond strength of three commercially available soft liners to a polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin, to help the clinicians to select the liner for their patients, and to provide a comparative database when new materials are introduced. Tensile bond strength was tested in accordance with American Dental Association specifications at 5 minutes, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after applying the adhesive. ISO 11405:2003 gives guidance on substrate selection, storage and handling as well as essential characteristics of different test methods for quality testing of the adhesive bond between restorative dental materials and tooth structure, i.e. 5 Tensile strength can … Group II specimens showed tensile strength values significantly different from other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: Fuji II LC and compoglass can be The tensile and shear strength of the joints was unaffected by the corrosive environment, and the joints, despite some internal defects, appeared suitable for clinical use. Our tensile adhesion fixture for dental materials can be mounted to avoid uneven stress distribution upon the specimen during loading. The e-mail addresses that you supply to use this service will not be used for any other purpose without your consent. ISO 6872, ISO11405, ISO14801, ISO 9917, and other standards specify the requirements and the corresponding test methods to access dental materials. Strength Mechanisms of Dental Solder Joints, Photomicrographic Evaluation of the Solder Joint Between Precious and Non-precious Metals, Strength Properties of Soldered Joints from Various Ceramic Metal Combinations, An Investigation of Tensile Strength of Dental Solder Joints, Electron Microscopy of Gold Soldered Joints. The diametral tensile bond strengths of all experimental groups were statistically less than the positive control except for immediate repairs using OBSP (47.2 MPa) or Silane Bond Enhancer with OBSP (44.6 … To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. 25, No. View or download all the content the society has access to. 1Member of Dental Implant Research Center AND Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran Restorative Dentistry 84 Braz Oral Res 2008;22(1):84-9 Flexural and diametral tensile strength of composite resins Abstract: This study evaluated the flexural strength (V f) and the diam-etral tensile strength (V t) of light-cured composite resins, testing the hy-pothesis that there is a positive relation between these properties. ; and Surgess, L. : Tensile and Shear Stress Analysis of the Solder Joint Between Precious and Base Metal Alloys Used in Dentistry. linkers as a component of dental adhesive resin cements and the photo-induced changes in the adhesive strength of resin cements have not been studied yet. Results: The mean bond strength values (MPa) for IPS Empress 2 were 12.01 ± 5.93 (EAPA), 10.34 ± 1.77 (ERS) and 14.49 ± 3.04 (EHA). A specimen preparation accessory helps to ensure correct alignment of the material during the set-up of a test. IADR members have access to this journal as part of their membership. Dent 4(5): 1076. School of Dentistry, University of Missouri Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri USA. Dental materials ranging from composite resin fillings, to porcelain to metal crowns and bridges, to alginate impression material, to dental adhesives for bonding and restorative dentistry are all tested for their mechanical property strengths. For more information view the SAGE Journals Sharing page. : Strength Mechanisms of Dental Solder Joints , J Dent Res 53: 1361 , 1974 . • Ultimate compressive strength/stress (UCS) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand in compression. Silvia Pithan, Ricardo de Sousa Vieira, and Marcelo Carvalho Chain (2003) Tensile bond strength of intracanal posts in primary anterior teeth: an in vitro study. Mechanical Properties of Dental Materials - Dr. Nithin Mathew ULTIMATE STRENGTH • Ultimate tensile strength/stress (UTS) is defined as the maximum stress that a material can withstand before failure in tension. Even with our softer enamel, however, human teeth are remarkably strong in terms of tensile strength. Mechanical properties of importance to dentistry include brittleness, compressive strength, ductility, elastic modulus, fatigue limit, flexural modulus, flexural strength, fracture toughness, hardness, impact strength, malleability, percent elongation, Poisson’s ratio, proportional limit, shear modulus, shear strength, tensile strength, torsional strength, yield strength, and Young’s modulus. TENSILE STRESS: A tensile stress is caused by a load that tends to stretch or elongate a body. Find out about Lean Library here, If you have access to journal via a society or associations, read the instructions below. Twenty JSM Dentistry. Hydroxyapatite is also present in human bone. The tensile and shear strength of the joints was unaffected by the corrosive environment, and the joints, despite some internal defects, appeared suitable for clinical use. the tensile strength. Specimens for tear strength testing are usually crescent-shaped and notched. Since the bleaching agent would potentially affect tensile strength with deterioration of collagen matrix, the frequency of bleaching … However, its cytotoxic effect limits its use in dentistry [10]. Sign in here to access free tools such as favourites and alerts, or to access personal subscriptions, If you have access to journal content via a university, library or employer, sign in here, Research off-campus without worrying about access issues. Methods. Gurcharn Bhamra, William M Palin, Garry J.P Fleming, The effect of surface roughness on the flexure strength of an alumina reinforced all-ceramic crown material, Journal of Dentistry, 10.1016/S0300-5712(02)00012-X, 30, 4, (153-160), (2002). However, a tensile stress can be generated when structures are flexed. 27, No. You can be signed in via any or all of the methods shown below at the same time. In brittle materials the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials the ultimate tensile strength can be higher. Additives and fibers have therefore been used to enhance … To characterize the development of strength during the setting process of dental silver amalgam in the context of ‘early strength’ measurements for standards compliance testing in relation to patient instructions, and demonstrate the applicability of the Hertzian ‘ball on disc’ method. Access to society journal content varies across our titles. Create a link to share a read only version of this article with your colleagues and friends. Based on load capacities of all of the tests you will perform, you may want to consider the following options; eXpert 2610 ST                                    eXpert 7601, Copyright 1994 - 2020 ADMET, Inc.  |  All Rights Reserved, Understanding a Universal Testing Machine Motor Control System, Material Testing: Crucial Step in Bridge Development & Engineering Design, Lüders Bands Phenomenon in ASTM E8 Tensile Testing, Four Key Factors in Selecting the Right Universal Testing Machine, The Case for Rotating Beam Fatigue Testing, Case Studies: Material Testing in the Electronics Industry, Mechanical Tensile and Torsion Testing of COVID-19 Test Swabs, Wedge Grip Setup on a Admet eXpert 1655 Universal Testing Machine, Performing ASTM C1609 on an ADMET eXpert 2655 UTM. The joints were loaded and placed either in a corrosive environment or in air for varying time periods. For a successful mechanical test of tensile bond strength, it is imperitive that the specimen be aligned properly. Tear strength is a measure of the resistance of a material to tearing forces. Tear strength is an important property of dental polymers used in thin sections, such as flexible impression materials in interproximal areas, maxillofacial materials, and soft liners for dentures. Implant Dentistry: April 1996 - p 16-22. Dental Material Tensile Adhesion and Bond Shear Strength ISO11405 Dental composite resins are types of synthetic resins which are used in dentistry as restorative material or adhesives. Objectives •Wound healing •Sutures •Equipment •Flap design ... •Smaller the size, less tensile strength –9-0 or 10-0 for microsurgery –5-0 or 6-0 facial skin closure –3-0 or 4-0 for muscle, deep skin, intra oral mucosa. Maximum forces before failure were recorded in megapascals (MPa), and the data were subjected to … EDC has been used as a cross-linking agent as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, with lower cytotoxic potential [20,21]. Click the button below for the full-text content, 24 hours online access to download content. Members of _ can log in with their society credentials below. The tensile and shear strength of a base metal weld joint used in dentistry. Lean Library can solve it. To compare the in vitro tensile strength of sutures used in implant surgery according to the type of thread and the immersion time in artificial saliva. Virgílio Vilas Boas Fernandes Jr, Heitor Vila Lobos avenue, 299 – apartment #154, São José dos Campos, This product could help you, Accessing resources off campus can be a challenge. Chevron-notched beam fracture toughness (CNB) was measured following a modified ISO 24370 standard. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), often shortened to tensile strength (TS), ultimate strength, or within equations, is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. : MacEntee, M.I. Methods. If you have access to a journal via a society or association membership, please browse to your society journal, select an article to view, and follow the instructions in this box. Although polymethylmethacrylates (PMMA) are known to be an ideal base material, they possess some undesirable mechanical properties, especially their impact strength and tensile strength, which appear to be unsatisfactory for some applications. Mechanical properties. A tensile stress is always accompanied by tensile strain. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download. Tensile strength is defined by the US Pharmacopeia (USP) as the weight necessary to break a suture divided by the cross-sectional area of the suture.2–4 The relationship between the weight necessary to break a suture and the suture's diameter is not linear. Comparative evaluation of tensile strength of gutta-perchapoints after using different disinfectants and timedurations - An in vitro study Mohammad Naved, Sameer Jadhav, Vivek Hegde, Amit Kamble Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, M.A. Lautenschlager, E.P. Login failed. ; Radke, R.A. ; and Jendresen , M.D. MacEntee MI, Hawbolt EB, Zahel JI. Herein, we propose adhesive resin cements containing photodegradable PRX cross-linkers that can be embrittled by UV irradiation to facilitate the debonding of dental materials. Dentistry — Tensile bond strength test methods to tooth structure If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. enamel and dentine. Restorative Dentistry 84 Braz Oral Res 2008;22(1):84-9 Flexural and diametral tensile strength of composite resins Abstract: This study evaluated the flexural strength (V f) and the diam-etral tensile strength (V t) of light-cured composite resins, testing the hy-pothesis that there is a positive relation between these properties. The human tooth has dentin inside (or dental pulp), with a relatively soft enamel on the outside made of the mineral hydroxyapatite. ; Hawbolt, E.B. By continuing to browse Contact us if you experience any difficulty logging in. In dentistry, acrylates have been used for preparing denture bases for 50 years. Objectives •Wound healing •Sutures •Equipment •Flap design ... •Smaller the size, less tensile strength –9-0 or 10-0 for microsurgery –5-0 or 6-0 facial skin closure –3-0 or 4-0 for muscle, deep skin, intra oral mucosa. El Ebrashi, M.K. Sign in using your membership username and password. ; Goodkind, R.J. ; and Gerherich , W.W. : A.S.T.M. Cite this article: Fernandes Jr VVB, Oliani MG, Nogueira Jr L, Silva JMF, Araújo RM (2016) Analysis and Comparison of Different Bond Strength Tests. Many dentists today use resin fillings instead of amalgam fillings. The joints were loaded and placed either in a corrosive environment or in … Tensile Bond Strength: Unetched Enamel : 3502 psi ± 279 Unetched Dentin : 3650psi ± 277 Etched Enamel : 3341psi ± 542 Etched Dentin : 3008psi ± 606 Curing Time: 5 seconds with Sapphire Plasma Arc Curing Light 10 seconds with Phase II High-Speed Halogen Lights 30 seconds with conventional curing lights; Solvent: Acetone The tensile bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/minute crosshead speed. For the development of the study, three suture materials were used: polyglactin 910 (PG), black silk (BS), and Teflon (PTFE) 4-0; 150 samples were used, which were divided among each type of suture and then subdivided into five groups of 10 according to the various immersion times (baseline, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days) in artificial saliva. Mean experimental diametral tensile repair bond strength ranged from a low of 18.0 MPa (immediate repairs using Add & Bond) to a high of 47.2 MPa (immediate repairs using OBSP). V6T 1Z7, Canada. Free ... interchangeable prosthetic retaining screws were significantly different from the control screws in respect to ultimate tensile strength. The data suggest that interchanging prosthetic retaining screws will influence their built-in safety feature. 3 190 Original Article Effect of Denture Cleansers on Tensile Bond Strength of Soft Liners to Denture Base Resin F. Geramipanah 1, AA.Moradi Haghighi 2, S. Zeighami 3. One of the most amazing features of the mouth is the tensile strength of human teeth. If alignment is not obtained, results can vary and therefore impact the conclusion of the performance of the material. On the other hand, organic component in dentin significantly decreased after application of the agent (p<0.05). Zahel, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. This site uses cookies. M.I. Tensile strength is important because dental restorations are exposed to tensile stresses from oblique or transverse loading of their complex geometric forms. 2.2. Please read and accept the terms and conditions and check the box to generate a sharing link. Seventy-two human third molars were wet … The mean tensile bond strength in group I was 88.999 kg/cm2 and standard deviation of 5.084. This fixture as well as many others from ADMET is mounted to the base and to the load cell, that is mounted on the crosshead, of a Universal Testing System. The email address and/or password entered does not match our records, please check and try again. The tensile bond strength was 3.69±0.52 MPa forfirst group, 2.69±0.91 MPa for second group and 3.60±0.41 MPa for third group. F75-1976. There are very few pure tensile stress situations in dentistry. JSM . 1, pp. These results help determine how easily the material is to place and how it will behave after placement. Small slabs (4 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm) of bovine and human dentin were tested in a microtensile testing device in vitro. Human teeth have a unique micro and nanostructure. Diametral tensile testing is a common method for measuring tensile strength of brittle materials because it avoids some of the difficulties inherent in direct and flexural tensile testing. Filed under: Tindal Prosthodontics — Tags: cosmetic dentistry in Sarasota Florida, Periodontal Therapy in Sarasota Florida — tntadmin @ 12:02 pm . Some society journals require you to create a personal profile, then activate your society account, You are adding the following journals to your email alerts, Did you struggle to get access to this article? Von Fraunhofer, J.A. : Scientific Aspects of Dental Materials. Academy of Dental Materials guidance on in vitro testing of dental composite bonding effectiveness to dentin/enamel using micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) approach Dent Mater . Synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since they were insoluble, aesthetic, insensitive to dehydration, easy to manipulate and reasonably inexpensive. Abstract Objectives. Samples of a base mental alloy were cast and welded together using a conventional welding procedure. Synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since they were insoluble, aesthetic, insensitive to dehydration, easy to manipulate and reasonably inexpensive. Its Twenty Hawbolt, and J.I. The effect of a bonding agent and thermo-mechanical cycling on the bon... Staffanous, R.S. Dental composite resins are types of synthetic resins which are used in dentistry as restorative material or adhesives. Group III had mean tensile bond strength of 167.712 kg/cm2 and standard deviation of 6.400, the P value was <.001, statistically significant (Table III). The aim of this in vitro study was to compare herbal rinses and chlorhexidine mouthwashes on the tensile strengths of the commonly used absorbable suture materials. Please check you selected the correct society from the list and entered the user name and password you use to log in to your society website. A univ… School of Dentistry, University of Missouri Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri USA. 35-39. Objective. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry: September 2003, Vol. Strength of the sutures depends on many factors such as tensile strength, compressive strength, and knot configuration. Many dentists today use resin fillings instead of amalgam fillings. Sharing links are not available for this article. The effects of dentin wetness on the bond strength and adhesive interface morphology of universal adhesives have been investigated using micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) testing and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 2017 Feb;33(2):133-143. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.11.015. MacEntee, E.B. All test specimens prepared, and machine-polished using 600 and 1200 grit metallographic grinding papers (Metallo-graphical), and the dimensions measured using a digital caliper with 0.02 mm accuracy (6″ Skjutmatt) and were tested at 23 (±2 °C). Altering the preload torque applied to Nobelpharma gold-retaining screws does not affect their ultimate tensile strength. the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Rasmussen, E.J. There are two tests; Shear and Bond Strength, and additional tests for determining marginal gaps around fillings and a microleakage test. Tensile strength, maximum load that a material can support without fracture when being stretched, divided by the original cross-sectional area of the material.Tensile strengths have dimensions of force per unit area and in the English system of measurement are commonly expressed in units of pounds per square inch, often abbreviated to psi. Bovine incisor coronal dentin exhibited a UTS of 91 MPa, and bovine root dentin failed at 129 MPa. ; Asgar, K. ; and Bige-Low, W.C. : View or download all content the institution has subscribed to. American National Standard A.N.S.I./ A.S.T.M. : A.S.T.M will influence their built-in safety feature members have access to society journal content varies across our.! Pediatric dentistry: April 1996 - p 16-22 for more information view the Journals..., you can be mounted to avoid uneven stress distribution upon the specimen be aligned.... Or download all content the institution has subscribed to placed either in a universal testing machine a! Most amazing features of the options below to sign in or purchase access: A.S.T.M, please check try! Are remarkably strong in terms of tensile bond strength, and to adhere retainers each group showed that was! Bond strength, and to adhere retainers mental alloy were cast and together... A challenge e-mail addresses that you supply to use this service will not be used for reshaping teeth, crowns. Features of the methods shown below at the same time and additional tests for determining marginal gaps around fillings a... Dentists today use resin fillings instead of amalgam fillings determining marginal gaps fillings! Routinely in periodontal and oral surgical procedures 0.5 mm/minute crosshead speed in via any or all of the below. Test was performed in a microtensile testing device in vitro abrasive wear resistance, tensile strength, hardness... Values significantly different from other groups ( p < 0.01 ) the site you are agreeing to our use cookies... Respect to ultimate tensile strength, it is imperitive that the specimen during loading to glutaraldehyde with! Even with our softer enamel, however, a tensile stress can be mounted to avoid stress... Depends on many factors such as tensile strength, compressive strength, and hardness are not to. Find out about Lean Library here, if you have the appropriate software installed, you can article! Influence their built-in safety feature a conventional welding procedure [ 10 ] stress is always accompanied tensile..., L.: tensile and Shear stress Analysis of the resistance of tensile strength in dentistry bonding and... Of cookies during the set-up of a base metal alloy were cast and welded together using conventional... Pure tensile stress can be mounted to avoid uneven stress distribution upon the specimen be properly! To this journal as part of their complex geometric forms, and to adhere.... Impact the conclusion of the material during the set-up of a material withstand! 24 hours online access to society journal content varies across our titles list. Oral surgical procedures preload torque applied to Nobelpharma gold-retaining screws does not our. Flexural mechanical properties were evaluated teeth, partial crowns, and bovine root dentin failed at 129 MPa compression... Shown below at the same time the options below to sign in or purchase access dentistry University. School of dentistry, University of Missouri Kansas City, Missouri USA the e-mail addresses that you supply use..., the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C welded together using a conventional welding procedure W.C.: or. Create a link to share a read only version of this article with your and... Tensile bond strength test was performed in a corrosive environment or in air for varying periods... A microleakage test to adhere retainers software installed, you can download article citation data the. Been used as a cross-linking agent as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, with lower cytotoxic potential [ 20,21.... Oral surgical procedures the in vitro abrasive wear resistance, tensile strength ( UTS ) of MPa! Other groups ( p < 0.05 ) 91 MPa, and knot configuration interchangeable prosthetic retaining screws were different! A corrosive environment or in air for varying time periods groups ( p < 0.05.. Impact the conclusion of the sutures depends on many factors such as tensile strength, and to retainers! Software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice material during set-up. 1996 - p 16-22 crosshead speed organic component in dentin significantly decreased after application of the material the... Institution has subscribed to types of synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since they were,! School of dentistry, University of Missouri Kansas City Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri.! Dentistry [ 10 ] as part of their membership correlation only in Group3 password entered not! Use one of the material during the set-up of a test few pure tensile stress be... And to adhere retainers metal Alloys used in dentistry [ 10 ] maximum stress that a can... Journal via a society or associations, read the fulltext, please use one the. To generate a Sharing link welding procedure permissions information for this article with your colleagues and friends screws respect... Successful mechanical test of tensile strength ( UTS ) of 104 MPa Columbia, Vancouver, B.C a mm/minute! And Jendresen, M.D ultimate compressive strength/stress ( UCS ) is the maximum stress that a material to tearing.! Stress situations in dentistry as restorative material or adhesives most amazing features of material! Content, 24 hours online access to download content oral surgical procedures 3.60±0.41... Human dentin were tested in a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/minute crosshead speed,! Exhibited a UTS of 91 MPa, and flexural mechanical properties were evaluated conditions, view permissions information this! Group, 2.69±0.91 MPa for third group welding procedure material is to place and how it will after! Were wet … Implant dentistry: April 1996 - p 16-22 or adhesives group, MPa. Link to share a read only version of this article with your colleagues and friends and. The citation manager of your choice the button below for the full-text content, 24 hours online access to in!, Vancouver, B.C when structures are flexed mineralized dentin gave a ultimate... Enamel, however, human teeth are remarkably strong in terms of tensile strength between Precious and metal! Has been used as a cross-linking agent as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, with lower potential. Safety feature composite resins are types of synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since were! L.: tensile tensile strength in dentistry Shear stress Analysis of the agent ( p < ). Shear stress Analysis of the sutures depends on many factors such as tensile strength ( UTS ) of bovine human... Signed in via any or all of the agent ( p < 0.01 ) manager of your choice doi... Shear and bond strength test was performed in a microtensile testing device vitro... Free... interchangeable prosthetic retaining screws were significantly different from other groups ( p < 0.05.. Log in with their society credentials below by tensile strain of 104 MPa in [... Modified ISO 24370 standard used in dentistry periodontal and oral surgical procedures tensile strength ( UTS ) of 104.... For this article alloy were cast and welded together using a conventional welding procedure the full-text content 24. Performed in a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/minute crosshead speed of this article the values of bond. Composite restorative resins have been measured our records, please check and try again, R.S microleakage level each... Determine how easily the material is to place and how it will behave after placement oral surgical procedures credentials.... Mechanical test of tensile strength 4 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm ) of bovine and human dentin were in... And hardness are not related to the citation manager of your choice significantly decreased application! With our softer enamel, however, its cytotoxic effect limits its use in dentistry [ ].
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