Known : Young’s modulus of concrete = 20 x 10 9 N/m 2. Currently, I work in a reputed MNC as a Senior Piping Stress Engineer. It is used to describe the elastic properties of objects like wires, rods or columns when they are stretched or compressed. We have Y = (F/A)/(∆L/L) = (F × L) /(A × ∆L) As strain is a dimensionless quantity, the unit of Young’s modulus is the same as that of … Hello, this is maybe a stupid question, but just to be sure. Stress measures the force per unit area applied to an object. The following table provides typical values of Young’s modulus with respect to increasing temperature for ferrous materials. To calculate the amount of force required for a specific extension under specified stress. For some materials, the Young’s modulus is constant over some range of stress. Hari om, you are asking a question as to : “What is the unit of Modulous of Elasticity?”. Welcome to my space, I am Anup Kumar Dey, an experienced piping engineer from the last 15 years. Bulk modulus. Stress is measured in units of pressure and strain is dimensionless. Hence, the unit of Young’s modulus, E =the unit of stress=N/m 2 in the Metric system and psi (pound per square inch) in the English System. A few of the same as we find in piping and related engineering are provided here. For designing the load-carrying capability of steel and concrete structures, civil engineers use Young’s modulus along with allowable deflection data. Young's modulus (E or Y) is a measure of a solid's stiffness or resistance to … The units of Young’s modulus in the English system are pounds per square inch (psi), and in the metric system newtons per square metre (N/m 2 ). Tensile Modulus is defined as the "ratio of stress (force per unit area) along an axis to strain (ratio of deformation over initial length) along that axis" It can be used to predict the elongation or compression of an object as long as the stress is less than the yield strength of the material. There are some other numbers exists which provide us a measure of elastic properties of a material. Young’s modulus of steel is 1.9 x 1011 N/m2. This is a specific form of Hooke’s law of elasticity. Young's modulus is the ratio of stress to strain. The highest Young's modulus of all is for carbyne, an allotrope of carbon. Stress-Strain Graphs . In flange leakage analysis using ASME Sec VIII method, Young’s modulus is required to calculate flange stresses. Determine (a) The stress (b) The strain (c) The change in height! The greater the value of young’s modulus, the stiffer is the material Units of Modulus of … But with a change in temperature the value of Young’s modulus changes. But with a change in temperature the value of Young’s modulus changes. Yet, the modulus takes its name from British scientist Thomas Young, who described its calculation in his Course of Lectures on Natural Philosophy and the Mechanical Arts in 1807. 23.3k views. units for Young Modulus alexzive (Materials) (OP) 20 Dec 07 08:26. Since the modulus of elasticity values are determined from bending, the tabulated values given above includes an effect of shear deflection. With an increase in the material temperature the modulus of elasticity of a material decreases. It is calculated as shear stress over shear strain. pascal The units of Young's modulus in the English system are pounds per square inch (psi), and in the metric system newtons per square metre (N/m 2). All of them arise in the generalized Hooke's law: . Materials, which do not have a constant Young’s modulus, are known as non-linear materials. For example, as compared to rubber, the value of young’s modulus is more for steel material (Refer to Table 2). Most commonly used unit of Young’s modulus is pascal, which is defined as force of 1N that is exerted on unit area. For a specific material, the value of Young’s modulus or the modulus of elasticity is constant at a specified temperature. By finding the area under a stress-strain graph, it is possible to work out the energy stored per unit volume in a material. The area where the force is applied is small, so the pressure is high enough to cut through the object. But with a change in temperature the value of Young’s modulus changes. link to Surge Relief Valve: Definition, Function, Types, Sizing, Selection, Practical Applications of Young’s Modulus. Course. The dimensional analysis yields units of distance squared per time squared. Young's modulus is defined as the ration of stress to strain for a given material below the limit of proportionality (the elastic limit). E is Young's modulus, usually expressed in, F is the force of compression or extension, A is the cross-sectional surface area or the cross-section perpendicular to the applied force, Δ L is the change in length (negative under compression; positive when stretched). Natural fibers are stiffer. A kip or kip-force, or kilopound (kip, klb, kipf) is a non-SI non-metric unit of force. Problem: - A copper wire of length 2.2 m and a steel wire of length 1.6 m, both of Young’s modulus can be used to calculate various other moduli (for example rigidity modulus, bulk modulus, etc) of a material. These anisotropic materials may have very different Young's modulus values, depending on whether force is loaded along the grain or perpendicular to it. Young’s modulus is a fundamental mechanical property of a solid material that quantifies the relationship between tensile (or compressive) stress and axial strain. In some situations, young's modulus is the longitudinal stress divided by strain. 2. 1 answer. Stress is the ratio of applied force F to a cross section area - defined as "force per unit area". Young’s modulus, also known as modulus of elasticity or elasticity modulus is named after the British physicist Thomas Young. What is a Surge Relief Valve?A surge relief valve is a specially designed valve that protects piping and pipeline systems from pressure surge events caused by rapid valve closure, emergency... A project kickoff meeting is the first meeting between a project team and the client or stakeholder/sponsor of a project to discuss the project's basic elements and overall planning activities. Good examples of anisotropic materials include wood, reinforced concrete, and carbon fiber. Through this platform, I will share my experiences and knowledge with you in an innovative way. “Elastic modulus” describes the relative stiffness or rigidity of a material, that is, a stiff material will have a high module of elasticity, while a flexible material will have a low module of elasticity. Viele übersetzte Beispielsätze mit "young modulus" – Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch und Suchmaschine für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen. Most common rock input parameters for numerical modeling in rock are UCS (f c), unit weight, Young’s modulus (E), Poisson’s ratio (µ), Seismic velocity (c), cohesion (C), angle of friction (φ) tensile strength (Kumar et al. Few queries of elasticity are cleared with your explanation, quite informative. More deformation occurs in a flexible material compared to that of a stiff material. To calculate the change in length (deformation or deflection) of a material under tensile or compressive loads. Young’s modulus = stress/strain = ( FL0 )/ A ( Ln − L0 ). The Young’s modulus (E) is a property of the material that tells us how easily it can stretch and deform and is defined as the ratio of tensile stress (σ) to tensile strain (ε). Young's modulus is defined as the ration of stress to strain for a given material below the limit of proportionality (the elastic limit). Modulus of Elasticity - is a measure of stiffness of an elastic material. the value of modulus of elasticity does not change. Examples include pure metals and ceramics. ⇒ This is called the Young Modulus, E, of the material ⇒ Young modulus is measured in Pa (or Nm-2) ⇒ This graph shows a stress-strain graph for copper. The more the value of elastic modulus means the more elastic the material is. From the given relation, it can be seen that the elastic modulus is the ratio between stress and strain: $$ E = \frac{ \sigma }{ \varepsilon } $$ Physically speaking, it is a measure of how rigid a material is. Click hereto get an answer to your question ️ Young's modulus of a material has the same unit as Assume that elastic modulus is E = 5 GPa (5,000,000,000 N / m2) and Poisson's ratio is v =0.3. This is the one that most people are referring to when they say ‘elastic modulus’. A concrete has a height of 5 meters and has unit area of 3 m 3 supports a mass of 30,000 kg. E L values from bending can be increased by 10% to remove this effect approximately. I am a Mechanical Engineer turned into a Piping Engineer. What is the Young's Modulus formula? Young’s modulus is a proportionality constant that relates the force per unit area applied perpendicularly at the surface of an object to: asked Oct 14, 2019 in Physics by Shivam01 (81.9k points) equilibrium; elasticity +1 vote. Young's Modulus calculator uses Young's Modulus=Stress/Strain to calculate the Young's Modulus, Young’s modulus which can also be called elastic modulus is a mechanical property of linear elastic solid substances. Similarly one may ask, what is the unit of Young's modulus? Chai Hao. Young's modulus - Elastizitätsmodul: Letzter Beitrag: 08 Apr. Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete. With the change in shape, length, the moment of inertia, weight, etc. Units. should I also accordigly express the Young's MOdulus and all the stress values in N/um²? Hari om. Together with Hooke's law, these values describe the elastic properties of a material. There are numerous different sets of units that can be used when performing FE simulations. It can be enhanced by adding or reinforcing micro/ nanofibre to a polymer matrix as the fibre has higher stiffness values than the matrix polymer [1]. In United States customary units, it is expressed as pounds (force) … Young’s Modulus is the ratio of Longitudinal Stress and Longitudinal Strain. To find the Young's modulus of a material, calculate stress and strain then simply divide the stress by the strain. But sometimes it creates confusion when asked all of a sudden. Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 m/s 2. Young’s modulus specifies the measure of the ability of a material to withstand length changes under tensile or compressive forces. We have Y = (F/A)/(∆L/L) = (F × L) /(A × ∆L) As strain is a dimensionless quantity, the unit of Young’s modulus is the same as that of stress, that is N/m² or Pascal (Pa). This phenomenon can … Young's Modulus Experiment Lab report for Youngs Modulus Experiment. Unit of Modulus of Elasticity. It describes the amount a material deforms along a given axis when tensile forces are applied, also known as tensile elasticity. modulus = stress/strain I commonly used as a percent of the strain. Young's modulus (E or Y) is a measure of a solid's stiffness or resistance to elastic deformation under load. Young’s Modulus (Y) =stress/strain Young’s modulus can be used in the following equation: F = (∆ ) In this equation, F is equal to the force applied to the structure, Y is the Young’s modulus for the material, ΔL is the change in length of the material when the force is applied to it, L 0 is the initial length, and A is Isotropic materials display mechanical properties that are the same in all directions. Carrying the full expression can be helpful for canceling units, in dimensional analysis. Young’s modulus signifies the elasticity of a material. Young’s modulus is the ratio of stress, which has units of pressure, to strain, which is dimensionless; therefore Young’s modulus itself has units of pressure. Hence, the unit of Young’s modulus is also Pascal. Keep in mind, the precise value for a sample may be somewhat different since the test method and sample composition affect the data. They are (a) Young’s Modulus (2) Shear Modulus (3) Bulk modulus. In general, most synthetic fibers have low Young's modulus values. A metal wire of length L, area of cross-section A and Young's modulus Y is stretched . The Young's modulus often depends on the orientation of a material. This is a very useful parameter in material science. A purist might argue that the units are fine if the dimensionless ratio is left in (i.e. Y = σ ε. Thermal Stress= Thermal Strain X E=. Academic year. The basic concept behind Young's modulus was described by Swiss scientist and engineer Leonhard Euler in 1727. lbs/in^2 over in/in). In FPS unit psi or ksi or psf or ksf. The unit of normal Stress is Pascal, and longitudinal strain has no unit. Young’s modulus has units of pressure or stress (\(Pa, psi \)) since the strain is a dimensionless quantity. Stress (σ) can be graphed against strain (ε). It relates stress (force per unit area) to strain (proportional deformation) along an axis or line. Young’s modulus is defined mathematically as the ratio of the longitudinal stress to the strain within the elastic range of the material.eval(ez_write_tag([[580,400],'whatispiping_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_4',626,'0','0'])); eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'whatispiping_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_6',658,'0','0']));As explained in the article “Introduction to Stress-Strain Curve“; the modulus of elasticity is the slope of the straight part of the curve. When expressed in CGS units of dyne/cm2, it will be equal to (1 N = 105 dyne, 1 m2 = 104 cm2) . Young's modulus is a measure of the ability of a material to withstand changes in dimension when under dimension wise tension or compression. In this case the fundamental units could be tonnes (1 tonne = 1000 kilograms), millimeters, and seconds. So, Steel material will regain its shape more easily as compared to the rubber on the application of force. A low Young's modulus value means a solid is elastic. Young’s Modulus or Elastic Modulus or Tensile Modulus, is the measurement of mechanical properties of linear elastic solids like rods, wires, etc. These materials obey the Hooke’s law and are said to be linear materials. Part 1: To investigate the relationship between... View more. Young’s modulus (E) is defined as the ratio of the stress applied to the material along the longitudinal axis of the specimen tested and the deformation or strain, measured on that same axis. The measurement of the Young's modulus of ice with ultrasonic waves Kulbir Singh Randhawa (Matriculation Number: 21379237) Hamburg, 15th January 2018 First Examiner: Prof. DSc. Young's modulus E describes the material's strain response to uniaxial stress in the direction of this stress (like pulling on the ends of a wire or putting a weight on top of a column, with the wire getting longer and the column losing height), Surge Relief Valve: Definition, Function, Types, Sizing, Selection. In 1782, Italian scientist Giordano Riccati performed experiments leading to modern calculations of the modulus. You may hear Young's modulus referred to as the elastic modulus, but there are multiple expressions used to measure elasticity: The axial modulus, P-wave modulus, and Lamé's first parameter are other modulii of elasticity. Modulus of elasticity of structural steel. Some of these are Bulk modulus and Shear modulus etc. As Young's Modulus is measured per unit area, it is an intensive property, meaning it only depends on the material being used, and not on the size of the material. The usual English unit is pounds per square inch (PSI) or mega PSI (Mpsi). Hence, the unit of Young’s modulus, E =the unit of stress=N/m 2 in the Metric system and psi (pound per square inch) in the English System. You will probably agree that it is less scary to be stepped on by someone wearing running shoes than by someone wearing stilettos. Young’s modulus of concrete = 20 x 10 9 N/m 2. (Tech.) Hence, Steel is more elastic than rubber. Young's modulus, denoted by the symbol 'Y' is defined or expressed as the ratio of tensile or compressive stress (σ) to the longitudinal strain (ε). If Young’s modulus is more, to produce a small change in length more force required. Young’s modulus of steel is 200 x 10 9 GPa. 1. tensile stress- stress that tends to stretch or lengthen the material - acts normal to the stressed area 2. compressive stress- stress that tends to compress or shorten the material - acts normal to the stressed area 3. shearing stress- stress that tends to shear the material - acts in plane to the stressed area at right-angles to compressive or tensile … This is a specific form of Hooke's law of elasticity. The shear or modulus of rigidity (G) describes shear when an object is acted upon by opposing forces. Young’s modulus is a measure of the ability of a material to withstand changes in length under lengthwise tension or compression. SI unit of Young’s Modulus: unit of stress/unit of strain. Young's modulus = stress/strain = (FL 0)/A(L n − L 0). So be with me for the next couple of years! Elastic modulus has a unit of giga-newton/m 2 (GN/m 2). If it’s designated with Y then. Tensile Modulus - or Young's Modulus alt. ε = strain - unit-less. eval(ez_write_tag([[336,280],'whatispiping_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_2',613,'0','0']));There are numerous practical examples of Young’s modulus. A high Young's modulus value means a solid is inelastic or stiff. As the strain is the ratio of two lengths, it is dimensionless.Hence, the unit of Young’s modulus, E =the unit of stress=N/m2 in the Metric system and psi (pound per square inch) in the English System.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'whatispiping_com-box-4','ezslot_7',635,'0','0'])); For a specific material, the value of Young’s modulus or the modulus of elasticity is constant at a specified temperature. Poisson's ratio may be used to compare the transverse contraction strain to the longitudinal extension strain. 2014b, 2015, 2016a). Pressure is defined as force per unit of area. 2015/2016 Multimedia University. Thank you for the detailed explanation. As steel is the most widely used material in industries, we will have a look at the Young’s modulus of Steel for getting a rough estimate of the values. Young's modulus is named after the 19th-century British scientist Thomas Young. With an increase in the material temperature the modulus of elasticity of a material … The SI unit of modulus of elasticity (E, or less commonly Y) is the pascal (Pa or N/m²); the practical units are megapascals (MPa or N/mm²) or gigapascals (GPa or kN/mm²). Y = Longitudinal Stress / Longitudinal Strain = (F/A)/(l/L) = (FL)/(Al) Its unit is N/m^2 or Pascal. For structural design it is standard practice to consider the unit weight of structural steel equal to γ = 78.5 kN/m 3 and the density of structural steel approximately ρ = 7850 kg/m 3. It must … Young's modulus is the stiffness (the ratio between stress and strain) of a material at the elastic stage of the tensile test. It is also known as the stiffness to weight ratio or specific stiffness.High specific modulus materials find wide application in aerospace applications where minimum structural weight is required. This website is my first venture into the world of blogging with the aim of connecting with other piping engineers around the world. In other words: While the SI unit for Young's modulus is Pa, values are most often expressed in terms of megapascal (MPa), Newtons per square millimeter (N/mm2), gigapascals (GPa), or kilonewtons per square millimeter (kN/mm2). The following equations demonstrate the relationship between the different elastic constants, where: E = Young’s Modulus, also known as Modulus of Elasticity G = Shear Modulus, also known as Modulus of Rigidity K = Bulk Modulus Some of these are Bulk modulus and Shear modulus etc. Young's modulus is measured in units of pressure, which is expressed as Pa (Pascal). Sören Ehlers Second Examiner: D.Sc. asked Feb 26, 2018 in Class XI Physics by nikita74 (-1,017 points) Young’s modulus of steel is 1.9 x 10 11 N/m 2. University. It is denoted by the letter “E” and mathematically expressed as E=Stress/Strain, Here σ=Stress=Force (F)/Cross-Sectional Area (A)=F/Aϵ=Strain=Change in Length(δl)/Original Length (l)=δl/l. For e.g. The gradient of this graph is then the Young Modulus. Stress–strain curve for low-carbon steel. 3 different sets of elasticity modulus Young’s Modulus. Viele übersetzte Beispielsätze mit "Youngs modulus" – Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch und Suchmaschine für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen. There are other numbers that give us a measure of elastic properties of a material, like Bulk modulus and shear modulus, but the value of Young’s Modulus is most commonly used. There are some other numbers exists which provide us a measure of elastic properties of a material. Unit of Young’s modulus of elasticity force is newton per square meter (N/m^2), kilogram (force) per square centimeter (kg/cm^2) or pascal. Let us consider the initial volume of an object is V1.Pressure P is applied to all surfaces of the object.Due to this pressure, the volume got decreased and the new volume is V2. than modulus unit is MPa/%, isn't it? Click hereto get an answer to your question ️ An elastic material of Young's modulus Y is subjected to a stress S . Young’s modulus is a numerical constant, named after the 18th-century English physician and physicist Thomas Young. Dr. Helmenstine holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences and is a science writer, educator, and consultant. Your email address will not be published. (Tech.) The basic definition of modulus of elasticity: It is also known as ‘elastic modulus’, it is a measured value that represents a material’s resistance to elastic deformation, i.e., it’s ‘stretchiness’. The SI unit of modulus of elasticity (E, or less commonly Y) is the pascal (Pa or N/m²); the practical units are megapascals (MPa or N/mm²) or gigapascals (GPa or kN/mm²). The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain is called young’s modulus. Metals have comparatively greater Young’s Modulus. 0 votes . A kip per square inch (ksi, kip/in²) is a unit of pressure, stress, Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength in the US Customary Units and British Imperial Units. The elastic energy stored per unit volume of the material is : It should probably be called Riccati's modulus, in light of the modern understanding of its history, but that would lead to confusion. S.I. Elasticity modulus or Young’s modulus (commonly used symbol: E) is a measure for the ratio between the stress applied to the body and the resulting strain. Since strain is dimensionless, the units of Young’s modulus are equal to the units of pressure, which is Newton per square meter. Working a material or adding impurities to it can produce grain structures that make mechanical properties directional. This table contains representative values for samples of various materials. Young’s modulus is also termed the modulus of elasticity. so when i calculate young's modulus, stress is MPa and strain is %. For example, if you try pushing a sharp knife down through a carrot or a tomato, you will cut it. For a specific material, the value of Young’s modulus or the modulus of elasticity is constant at a specified temperature. Y = σ ε. To change the length of metals, greater force is required. See also: Difference between stress and strain. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. Units of Elastic Modulus. It looks like the force-extension graph shown earlier, but this graph will be valid for ANY sample of copper The... Hi There! Young’s modulus is the same for any material–you could take a spoon or a girder; as long as they have the same young’s modulus and you knew their sizes, you could predict how much force would cause a certain amount of elastic deformation. I am very much passionate about blogging and always tried to do unique things. The Youngs modulus does not depend on the geometry of the material. It describes the relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (proportional deformation in an object). Your email address will not be published. Unit is N m –2 or Pascal (Pa). If, on the other hand, you us… The Young Modulus is also measured in Pascals. Specific modulus is a materials property consisting of the elastic modulus per mass density of a material. In solid mechanics, Young's modulus (E) is a measure of the stiffness of an isotropic elastic material. Suppose my model is representing a microstructure with chosen unit-lenght "micrometers = 10^-06 m = 1 um". Young's modulus, denoted by the symbol 'Y' is defined or expressed as the ratio of tensile or compressive stress (σ) to the longitudinal strain (ε). A metal rod of Young's modulus 2 x 10 10 Nm-2 undergoes an elastic strain of 0.02% the energy per unit volume stored in the rod in joule/m 3 is (1) 400 (2) 800 (3) 1200 (4) 1600 For example, Young’s modulus is frequently specified in terms of MegaPascals (MPa) (or, equivalently, N/mm2), where 1 Pascal = 1 N/m2. Flange modulus of elasticity data is provided as input for design and ambient temperature conditions. Where stress is the amount of force applied per unit area ( σ = F/A ) and strain is extension per unit length ( ε = dl/l ). Table 2 below provides approximate Young’s modulus for few other well-known materials. Young’s modulus is the ratio of stress, which has units of pressure, to strain, which is dimensionless; therefore Young’s modulus itself has units of pressure. Young’s Modulus or Elastic Modulus or Tensile Modulus, is the measurement of mechanical properties of linear elastic solids like rods, wires, etc. … The Young Modulus, being a material property as it is, can be used to generalise the elastic properties of a material. 13, 19:34... for this material, the Youngs's modulus is 0.01 GPa. Unit of stress is Pascal and strain is a dimensionless quantity. . 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Micrometers = 10^-06 m = 1 um '' und Suchmaschine für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen at a specified.... Materials property consisting of the ability of a material property as it Pascal! Low Young 's modulus is more, to produce a small change in length ( deformation or deflection ) a... Non-Metric unit of stress/unit of strain in piping and related engineering are provided here high..., I work in a reputed MNC as a percent of the ability of a material is! Senior piping stress Engineer 10 9 GPa table 2 below provides approximate Young ’ s modulus the... Are cleared with your explanation, quite informative chosen unit-lenght `` micrometers 10^-06... Physicist Thomas Young for design and ambient temperature conditions the volume is,... Include wood, reinforced concrete, and graduate levels to produce a small change temperature. Modulus Experiment make mechanical properties directional when asked all of them arise in the material part 1 to... Anisotropic materials include wood, reinforced concrete, and graduate levels a constant Young ’ s modulus E. Not depend on the geometry of the modulus of elasticity material deforms along a line opposing! Für Millionen von Deutsch-Übersetzungen display mechanical properties directional do not have a constant Young ’ s modulus is named the... Calculations of the ability of a material typical values of Young ’ modulus... Opposing forces to modern calculations of the elastic properties of a solid is elastic 3 sets. Then simply divide the stress ( σ ) can be used when FE! For few other well-known materials the unit of force for canceling units, it is calculated using Young ’ modulus. This instance it is calculated as shear stress over shear strain be graphed against strain ( c ) the by... Of metals, greater force is applied is small, so the is. Materials obey the Hooke ’ s modulus is measured in units of and. Dimensional deformation, when the volume is involved, then the ratio of applied pressure to the volumetric strain %. All the stress by the strain deformation occurs in a piping system is calculated as shear stress over strain! Of concrete = 20 x 10 9 N/m 2... View more of various materials ) … modulus! My experiences and knowledge with you in an innovative way, but just to be stepped on by someone running! Has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels acceleration due gravity. This instance it is expressed as Pa ( Pascal ) possible to work out the energy stored unit. A tomato, you are asking a question as to: “ what is the ratio of stress. Modulus along with allowable deflection data provides typical values of Young ’ s modulus or modulus of steel 1.9! Am very much passionate about blogging and always tried to do unique things m 1... Divide the stress by the strain ( ε ) ), millimeters and. ( GN/m 2 ) longitudinal stress divided by strain general, most synthetic fibers have low 's. Provides approximate Young ’ s modulus specifies the measure of stiffness of an isotropic elastic material Young...
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