These are the sources and citations used to research cognitive flexibility in autism. The current study aimed to bridge this gap. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on Monday, January 5, 2015 Baron-Cohen, S., Lombardo, M. V., Auyeung, B., Ashwin, E Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits, communication impairments, restrictive behaviors, and cognitive flexibility deficits. In a randomized controlled trial, children with ASD (n = 121, 8–12 years, IQ > 80) were randomly assigned to an adaptive working memory (WM) training, an adaptive cognitive flexibility‐training, or a non‐adaptive control training (mock‐training). Young people with autism often have differences in their flexibility skills. Mothers and teachers reported on children’s hyperactivity/inattention using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (Goodman, 1997), cognitive flexibility was measured using the dimension change card sort task (Zelazo, 2006), and theory of mind was assessed using a battery of ta… Van Eylen L, Boets B, Steyaert J, Evers K, Wagemans J, Noens I. Cognitive flexibility in autism spectrum disorder: Explaining the inconsistencies? Researchers and clinicians assume that inflexible everyday behaviors in autism are directly related to cognitive flexibility deficits as assessed by clinical and experimental measures. Cognitive Flexibility and Autistic Students. Cognitive flexibility is one of the executive functions that children with autism and ADHD often struggle with. Performance-based measures in autism: implications for diagnosis, early detection, and identification of cognitive profiles. However, there is a large gap between the day-to-day behavioral flexibility and that measured with these cognitive flexibility tasks. However, there is a large gap between the day-to-day behavioral flexibility and that measured with these cognitive flexibility tasks. The…, NLM Difficulties with cognitive flexibility may play a role not just in the repetitive behaviors characteristic of autism, but also in language impairment. However, the WCST involves various additional cognitive processes besides switching, making it uncertain whether difficulties are indeed due to cognitive flexibility impairments. Examining executive functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and typical development. Share on Pinterest Being bilingual may improve cognitive flexibility in children with autism. Valproic acid treated female Long-Evans rats are impaired on attentional set-shifting. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show daily cognitive flexibility deficits, but laboratory data are unconvincing. They were also assessed in cognitive flexibility through Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and in patterns of social interactions, behaviors, and communication through Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Cognitive, Affective, and Feedback-Based Flexibility - Disentangling Shared and Different Aspects of Three Facets of Psychological Flexibility. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Based on recent studies at multiple sites, using diverse methods and participants of different autism subtypes, ages and cognitive levels, no consistent evidence for cognitive flexibility … PLoS Biol. The current study aimed to bridge this gap. [ PubMed ] [ DOI ] NIH Based on recent studies at multiple sites, using diverse methods and participants of different autism subtypes, ages and cognitive levels, no consistent evidence for cognitive flexibility deficits was found. Click here to start building your own bibliography In autism, there is a phenomenon sometimes referred to as ‘cognitive inflexibility’. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.025. eCollection 2020. ► Results reveal cognitive flexibility impairments in individuals with ASD. with autism can benefit from the development of strategies for the enhancement of cognitive flexibility. Cognitive flexibility also strongly relates to having or developing coping skills and stress management skills. There are also reported difficulties in the dynamic activation and modification of cognitive processes in response to changes in tasks’ demands. 2020 Oct 27;18(10):e3000908. Cognitive flexibility is the ability to shift our thoughts and adapt our behavior to the changing environment. Cognitive flexibility has been measured with inductive reasoning or explicit rule tasks in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Increasingly, the literature has focused on the role of anxiety in the world of a child on the autism spectrum. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. It is frequently believed that challenges with flexibility may be related to anxiety. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, ID/ED task of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show daily cognitive flexibility deficits, but laboratory data are unconvincing. With varying levels of difficulty, these tests can be used to measure the cognitive flexibility of children with autism and students of all ages. Impairments in cognitive flexibility have been used to characterize the neuropsychological presentation of persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). It is a dimension of executive functioning, which is considered to be impaired in many people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Cognitive flexibility in autism spectrum disorder: Explaining the inconsistencies? 2021 Jan 15;397:112966. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112966.  |  In order to understand and contribute to a conversation, “you need that high-level Executive functioning in autism spectrum disorders: influence of task and sample characteristics and relation to symptom severity. These skills continue to develop into adulthood and can have a significant impact on learning. See this image and copyright information in PMC. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) is the only cognitive flexibility task that has consistently shown deficits in individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). cognitive flexibility KoTA is a set of training tools developed to improve cognitive flexibility in autism. ORIGINAL PAPER Cognitive Flexibility in ASD; Task Switching with Emotional Faces Marieke de Vries • Hilde M. Geurts Published online: 29 March 2012 The Author(s) 2012. We present an overview of current literature addressing cognitive flexibility in autism spectrum disorders. ID/ED task of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB ® ). Previous studies have yielded mixed results. KoTA is a set of training tools developed to improve cognitive flexibility in autism. It can affect our ability to be aware of and understand the concept of time. Online ahead of print. K08 MH074967/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States. Cognitive flexibility is our ability to shift thoughts and adapt behaviors is … Impaired Cognitive Flexibility and Intact Cognitive Control in Autism: A Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Approach Trenton E. Kriete & David C. Noelle fTRENT.KRIETE,DAVID.NOELLEg@VANDERBILT.EDU Department of Researchers and clinicians assume that inflexible everyday behaviors in autism are directly related to cognitive flexibility deficits as assessed by clinical and experimental measures. Yael Kimhi, Dana Shoam-Kugelmas, Galit Agam Ben-Artzi, Inbal Ben-Moshe, Nirit Bauminger-Zviely, Theory of Mind and Executive Function in Preschoolers with Typical Development Versus Intellectually Able Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10.1007/s10803-014-2104-z, 44, 9, (2341-2354), (2014). In other words, it’s one’s ability to disengage from a previous task and respond effectively to a new one. 2012 Oct;46(10):1300-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.06.004. However, there is a large gap between the day-to-day behavioral flexibility and that measured with these cognitive flexibility tasks. Each of these disorders exhibit varying aspects of cognitive inflexibility. Of all these EF domains, cognitive flexibility has been most clearly related to repetitive behaviors in ASD ( Lopez, Lincoln, Ozonoff, & Lai, 2005 ). HHS color of an object) to another (e.g. The Flexible Item Selection Task (FIST) differs from previous cognitive flexibility tasks in ASD research by giving children an abstract, ambiguous rule to switch. An intervention program of 14 to 21 sessions was established to enhance cognitive flexibility. Corbett BA, Constantine LJ, Hendren R, Rocke D, Ozonoff S. Psychiatry Res. 2008 Dec;34(6):550-6. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2007.10.010. and cognitive flexibility, when compared to individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, for instance (Geurst, Verté, Oosterlaan, Roeyers, & Sergeant, 2004). Despite cognitive flexibility not being a core deficit in ASD, impaired cognitive flexibility is evident in the present research. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. For instance, knowing if there is a simple increase or decrease in connectivity between brain regions compared to healthy individuals, or whether those with autism use entirely different brain regions to implement cognitive flexibility will enable researchers to better design interventions to improve cognitive flexibility … Sometimes these are called “problems with flexibility” or “cognitive and behavioral rigidity.”. Cognitive Flexibility Training and Activities Like any other skill, cognitive flexibility can be improved if you work at it and practice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether individuals with ASD show cognitive flexibility impairments on a more controlled task-switching variant of the WCST, still fulfilling both requirements. J Autism Dev Disord. Natalia Albein-Urios, George J. Youssef, Melissa Kirkovski, Peter G. Enticott, Autism Spectrum Traits Linked with Reduced Performance on Self-Report Behavioural Measures of Cognitive Flexibility, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10.1007/s10803-018-3503-3, 48, 7, (2506-2515), (2018). As this is the only task characterized by limited explicit task instructions and a high degree of disengagement required to perform the switch, we hypothesized that cognitive flexibility deficits of individuals with ASD might only become apparent in situations fulfilling these requirements. Impairments in cognitive flexibility have been used to characterize the neuropsychological presentation of persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Certainly these differences can get in the way of many day-to-day situations such as social interactions, … 2021 Jan 2. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04808-6. Nevertheless, Nevertheless, more research is suggested with a larger sample among subjects on the autism spectrum. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The next analysis found that after controlling for child age, gender, and Y1 ToM at the first step, as hypothesized, Y1 cognitive flexibility significantly predicted Y2 ToM scores (see Regression 1, Table 4).Consistent with the mediation hypothesis Y1 ToM did not significantly predict Y2 cognitive flexibility after controlling for Y1 cognitive flexibility (see Regression 1, Table 5). The present study analyzed the concurrent and longitudinal relations among cognitive flexibility, theory of mind, and hyperactivity/inattention in a sample of 70 typically developing children ( age = 61.4 months, SD= 8.3 months). Previous studies have … It’s a faculty that most of us take for … Crawley D, Zhang L, Jones EJH, Ahmad J, Oakley B, San José Cáceres A, Charman T, Buitelaar JK, Murphy DGM, Chatham C, den Ouden H, Loth E; EU-AIMS LEAP group. As predicted, individuals with ASD made more perseveration errors and had a significantly higher switch cost than typically developing controls, but they performed equally well on the control measures. stimulus over-selectivity, stereotyped behavior, cognitive flexibility, set shifting, intellectual impairment 2 Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 00(0) et … Researchers and clinicians assume that inflexible everyday behaviors in autism are directly related to cognitive flexibility deficits as assessed by clinical and experimental measures. Vulnerability for autism traits in boys and men with an extra X chromosome (47,XXY): the mediating role of cognitive flexibility. 2012 Dec;42(12):2523-33. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1509-9. To advance the field, experimental measures must evolve to reflect mechanistic models of flexibility deficits. Thirty-one children with ASD (8–12 years) and 31 age- and IQ-matched typically developing children performed a … Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to transition thoughts between multiple concepts or perspectives. Cognitive control of intentions for voluntary actions in individuals with a high level of autistic traits. They were also assessed in cognitive flexibility through Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and in patterns of social interactions, behaviors, and communication through Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Kraft D, Rademacher L, Eckart C, Fiebach CJ. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Working memory and cognitive flexibility-training for children with an autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Various studies have examined the role of executive functions in autism, but there is a lack of research in the current literature on cognitive flexibility in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This phenomena is the inability to mentally adapt to new demands or information, and is contradicted with the cognitive flexibility to consider different perspectives and … The quicker you are able to switch or 'shift' your thinking from one dimension (e.g. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders , 5(4), pp.1390-1401. Molecular and Cellular Basis of Cognitive Flexibility in Autism Spectrum Disorder Models A highly influential hypothesis of autism predicts that overexcitation in specific cortical circuits might disrupt information processing and lead to abnormal patterns of activity and seizures in a subset of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show daily cognitive flexibility deficits, but laboratory data are unconvincing. Would you like email updates of new search results? eCollection 2020 Oct. McKinnell ZE, Maze T, Ramos A, Challans B, Plakke B. Behav Brain Res. Based on recent studies at multiple sites, using diverse methods and participants of different autism subtypes, ages and cognitive levels, no consistent evidence for cognitive flexibility deficits was found. ► Literature study shows inconsistent cognitive flexibility deficits in ASD. A new study found that the cognitive skills of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) vary among individuals, and that, contrary to expectations, these skills can improve over time. Diminished cognitive flexibility has been noted in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders such as anorexia nervosa, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, autism, and in a subset of people with ADHD. Whether those demands are explicit or implicit behavior in childhood to adulthood shows age-dependent learning and! 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